TB/T 2922.1-1998 铁路混凝土用骨料碱活性试验方法 岩相法
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基本信息
| 标准名称： | 铁路混凝土用骨料碱活性试验方法 岩相法 |
| 中标分类： | |
| 发布部门： | 中华人民共和国铁道部 |
| 发布日期： | 1998-05-04 |
| 实施日期： | 1998-11-01 |
| 首发日期： | |
| 作废日期： | |
| 主管部门： | 中华人民共和国铁道部 |
| 提出单位： | 铁路部标准计量研究所 |
| 归口单位： | 铁路部标准计量研究所 |
| 起草单位： | 铁路部科学研究院铁道建筑研究所 |
| 起草人： | 谢永江、潘庭玉、金锦花 |
| 出版社： | 中国铁道出版社 |
| 出版日期： | 1998-11-01 |
| 页数： | 9页 |
适用范围
本标准规定了采用岩想法检验铁路混凝土用骨料碱活性的取样方法、仪器设备、试验程序以及结果处理方法等。
本标准适用于确定骨科的碱活性类别和定性评定骨料的碱活性。
前言
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引用标准
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【英文标准名称】:Informationtechnology-Datainterchangeon90mmopticaldiskcartridges-Capacity:1,3Gbytespercartridge
【原文标准名称】:信息技术.90mm盒式光盘上的数据交换.容量:每盒1.3Gbytes
【标准号】:ISO/IEC17346-2005
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:2005-02
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际标准化组织(IX-ISO)
【起草单位】:ISO/IECJTC1/SC23
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:数据介质;数据交换;EDP;电子数据处理;信息交换;信息技术;存储目标;特性;信息处理;规范(验收);光盘;数据处理
【英文主题词】:Dataexchange;Datamedia;Dataprocessing;EDP;Informationinterchange;Informationprocessing;Informationtechnology;Opticaldisks;Properties;Specification(approval);Storagetarget
【摘要】:ThisInternationalStandarddefinesthecharacteristicsof90mmOpticalDiskCartridges(ODC)withacapacityof1,3GBpercartridge.ItspecifiesonlyTypeR/Wfor2048–bytesectorsofsuchcartridges.TypeR/Wprovidesfordatatobewritten,readanderasedmanytimesovertheentirerecordingsurfaceofthediskusingthethermo-magneticandmagneto-opticaleffects.Itisalsoreferredtoas"fullyrewritable".ThisInternationalStandardprovidesfor2048-bytesectorsonly.Allsectorsonadiskareofthesamesize.ThisInternationalStandardspecifies:?theconditionsforconformancetestingandtheReferenceDrive;?theenvironmentsinwhichthecartridgesaretobeoperatedandstored;?themechanicalandphysicalcharacteristicsofthecartridge,soastoprovidemechanicalinterchangeabilitybetweendataprocessingsystems;?theformatoftheinformationonthedisk,bothembossedanduser-written;includingthephysicaldispositionofthetracksandsectors,theerrorcorrectioncodes,andthemodulationmethodused;?thecharacteristicsoftheembossedinformationonthedisk;?themagneto-opticalcharacteristicsofthedisk,enablingprocessingsystemstowritedataontothedisk;?theminimumqualityofuser-writtendataonthedisk,enablingdataprocessingsystemstoreaddatafromthedisk.ThisInternationalStandardprovidesforinterchangebetweenopticaldiskdrives.Togetherwithastandardforvolumeandfilestructure,itprovidesforfulldatainterchangebetweendataprocessingsystems.
【中国标准分类号】:L72
【国际标准分类号】:35_220_30
【页数】:115P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforDosimetryinanElectronBeamFacilityforRadiationProcessingatEnergiesBetween300keVand25MeV
【原文标准名称】:在300KeV和25MeV能量之间进行辐射加工用电子束设备中剂量测定的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTMISO/ASTM51649-2005
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2005
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E10.01
【标准类型】:(ISO/ASTM)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:absorbeddose;dosemapping;dosimeter;dosimetrysystem;electronbeam;ionizingradiation;irradiation;irradiatorcharacterization;radiation;radiationprocessing;ICS
【摘要】:4.1Variousproductsandmaterialsareroutinelyirradiatedatpre-determineddosesatelectronbeamfacilitiestopreserveormodifytheircharacteristics.Dosimetryrequirementsmayvarydependingontheradiationprocessandenduseoftheproduct.Forexample,apartiallistofprocesseswheredosimetrymaybeusedisgivenbelow.4.1.1Polymerizationofmonomersandgraftingofmonomersontopolymers,4.1.2Cross-linkingordegradationofpolymers,4.1.3Curingofcompositematerials,4.1.4Sterilizationofmedicaldevices,4.1.5Disinfectionofconsumerproducts,4.1.6Foodirradiation(parasiteandpathogencontrol,insectdisinfestation,andshelf-lifeextension),4.1.7Controlofpathogensandtoxinsindrinkingwater,4.1.8Controlofpathogensandtoxinsinliquidorsolidwaste4.1.9Modificationofcharacteristicsofsemiconductordevices,4.1.10Colorenhancementofgemstonesandothermaterials,4.1.11Researchonradiationeffectsonmaterials.NOTE2-Dosimetryisrequiredforregulatedradiationprocessessuchassterilizationofmedicaldevices(seeISO11137andRefs(1-4)5andpreservationoffood(seeISO/ASTM51431andRef(5).Itmaybelessimportantforotherprocesses,suchaspolymermodification,whichmaybeevaluatedbychangesinthephysicalandchemicalpropertiesoftheirradiatedmaterials.Nevertheless,routinedosimetrymaybeusedtomonitorthereproducibilityofthetreatmentprocess.4.2Dosimetersareusedasameansofmonitoringtheradiationprocess.NOTE3-Measureddoseisoftencharacterizedasabsorbeddoseinwatertohaveatraceablestandardreference.Moreover,materialscommonlyfoundindisposablemedicaldevicesandfoodareapproximatelyequivalenttowaterintheabsorptionofionizingradiation.AbsorbeddoseinmaterialsotherthanwatermaybedeterminedbyapplyingconversionfactorsinaccordancewithISO/ASTMGuide51261.4.3Abeneficialirradiationprocessisusuallyspecifiedbyaminimumabsorbeddosetoachievethedesiredeffectandamaximumdoselimitthattheproductcantolerateandstillbefunctional.Dosimetryisessential,sinceitisusedtodeterminetheselimits,anddosimetryisessentialintheevaluationandmonitoringoftheradiationprocess.4.4Thedosedistributionwithintheproductdependsonprocessloadcharacteristics,irradiationconditions,andoperatingparameters.Theoperatingparametersconsistofbeamcharacteristics(suchaselectronenergyandbeamcurrent),beamdispersionparameters,andproductmaterialhandling.Thesecriticalparametersmustbecontrolledtoobtainreproducibleresults.4.5Beforearadiationfacilityisused,itmustbequalifiedtodemonstrateitsabilitytodeliverspecified,controllabledosesinareproduciblemanner.Thisinvolvestestingtheprocessequipment,calibratingtheequipmentanddosimetrysystem,andcharacterizingthemagnitude,distributionandreproducibilityofthedoseabsorbedbyareferencematerial.4.6Toensurethatproductsareirradiatedwithreproducibledoses,routineprocesscontrolrequiresdocumentedproducthandlingproceduresbefore,duringandaftertheirradiation,consistentorientationoftheproductsduringirradiation,monitoringofcriticalprocessparameters,routineproductdosimetryanddocumentationoftherequiredactivitiesandfunctions.1.1ThispracticecoversdosimetricprocedurestobefollowedinInstallationQualification,OperationalQualificationandPerformanceQualifications(IQ,OQ,PQ),androutineprocessingatelectronbeamfacilitiestoensurethattheproducthasbeentreatedwithanacceptablerangeofabsorbeddoses.OtherproceduresrelatedtoIQ,OQ,PQ,androutineproductprocessingthatmayinfluenceabsorbeddoseintheproductarealsodiscussed.Note1Forguidanceintheselect......
【中国标准分类号】:
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:30P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【原文标准名称】:信息技术.90mm盒式光盘上的数据交换.容量:每盒1.3Gbytes
【标准号】:ISO/IEC17346-2005
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:2005-02
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际标准化组织(IX-ISO)
【起草单位】:ISO/IECJTC1/SC23
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:数据介质;数据交换;EDP;电子数据处理;信息交换;信息技术;存储目标;特性;信息处理;规范(验收);光盘;数据处理
【英文主题词】:Dataexchange;Datamedia;Dataprocessing;EDP;Informationinterchange;Informationprocessing;Informationtechnology;Opticaldisks;Properties;Specification(approval);Storagetarget
【摘要】:ThisInternationalStandarddefinesthecharacteristicsof90mmOpticalDiskCartridges(ODC)withacapacityof1,3GBpercartridge.ItspecifiesonlyTypeR/Wfor2048–bytesectorsofsuchcartridges.TypeR/Wprovidesfordatatobewritten,readanderasedmanytimesovertheentirerecordingsurfaceofthediskusingthethermo-magneticandmagneto-opticaleffects.Itisalsoreferredtoas"fullyrewritable".ThisInternationalStandardprovidesfor2048-bytesectorsonly.Allsectorsonadiskareofthesamesize.ThisInternationalStandardspecifies:?theconditionsforconformancetestingandtheReferenceDrive;?theenvironmentsinwhichthecartridgesaretobeoperatedandstored;?themechanicalandphysicalcharacteristicsofthecartridge,soastoprovidemechanicalinterchangeabilitybetweendataprocessingsystems;?theformatoftheinformationonthedisk,bothembossedanduser-written;includingthephysicaldispositionofthetracksandsectors,theerrorcorrectioncodes,andthemodulationmethodused;?thecharacteristicsoftheembossedinformationonthedisk;?themagneto-opticalcharacteristicsofthedisk,enablingprocessingsystemstowritedataontothedisk;?theminimumqualityofuser-writtendataonthedisk,enablingdataprocessingsystemstoreaddatafromthedisk.ThisInternationalStandardprovidesforinterchangebetweenopticaldiskdrives.Togetherwithastandardforvolumeandfilestructure,itprovidesforfulldatainterchangebetweendataprocessingsystems.
【中国标准分类号】:L72
【国际标准分类号】:35_220_30
【页数】:115P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforDosimetryinanElectronBeamFacilityforRadiationProcessingatEnergiesBetween300keVand25MeV
【原文标准名称】:在300KeV和25MeV能量之间进行辐射加工用电子束设备中剂量测定的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTMISO/ASTM51649-2005
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2005
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E10.01
【标准类型】:(ISO/ASTM)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:absorbeddose;dosemapping;dosimeter;dosimetrysystem;electronbeam;ionizingradiation;irradiation;irradiatorcharacterization;radiation;radiationprocessing;ICS
【摘要】:4.1Variousproductsandmaterialsareroutinelyirradiatedatpre-determineddosesatelectronbeamfacilitiestopreserveormodifytheircharacteristics.Dosimetryrequirementsmayvarydependingontheradiationprocessandenduseoftheproduct.Forexample,apartiallistofprocesseswheredosimetrymaybeusedisgivenbelow.4.1.1Polymerizationofmonomersandgraftingofmonomersontopolymers,4.1.2Cross-linkingordegradationofpolymers,4.1.3Curingofcompositematerials,4.1.4Sterilizationofmedicaldevices,4.1.5Disinfectionofconsumerproducts,4.1.6Foodirradiation(parasiteandpathogencontrol,insectdisinfestation,andshelf-lifeextension),4.1.7Controlofpathogensandtoxinsindrinkingwater,4.1.8Controlofpathogensandtoxinsinliquidorsolidwaste4.1.9Modificationofcharacteristicsofsemiconductordevices,4.1.10Colorenhancementofgemstonesandothermaterials,4.1.11Researchonradiationeffectsonmaterials.NOTE2-Dosimetryisrequiredforregulatedradiationprocessessuchassterilizationofmedicaldevices(seeISO11137andRefs(1-4)5andpreservationoffood(seeISO/ASTM51431andRef(5).Itmaybelessimportantforotherprocesses,suchaspolymermodification,whichmaybeevaluatedbychangesinthephysicalandchemicalpropertiesoftheirradiatedmaterials.Nevertheless,routinedosimetrymaybeusedtomonitorthereproducibilityofthetreatmentprocess.4.2Dosimetersareusedasameansofmonitoringtheradiationprocess.NOTE3-Measureddoseisoftencharacterizedasabsorbeddoseinwatertohaveatraceablestandardreference.Moreover,materialscommonlyfoundindisposablemedicaldevicesandfoodareapproximatelyequivalenttowaterintheabsorptionofionizingradiation.AbsorbeddoseinmaterialsotherthanwatermaybedeterminedbyapplyingconversionfactorsinaccordancewithISO/ASTMGuide51261.4.3Abeneficialirradiationprocessisusuallyspecifiedbyaminimumabsorbeddosetoachievethedesiredeffectandamaximumdoselimitthattheproductcantolerateandstillbefunctional.Dosimetryisessential,sinceitisusedtodeterminetheselimits,anddosimetryisessentialintheevaluationandmonitoringoftheradiationprocess.4.4Thedosedistributionwithintheproductdependsonprocessloadcharacteristics,irradiationconditions,andoperatingparameters.Theoperatingparametersconsistofbeamcharacteristics(suchaselectronenergyandbeamcurrent),beamdispersionparameters,andproductmaterialhandling.Thesecriticalparametersmustbecontrolledtoobtainreproducibleresults.4.5Beforearadiationfacilityisused,itmustbequalifiedtodemonstrateitsabilitytodeliverspecified,controllabledosesinareproduciblemanner.Thisinvolvestestingtheprocessequipment,calibratingtheequipmentanddosimetrysystem,andcharacterizingthemagnitude,distributionandreproducibilityofthedoseabsorbedbyareferencematerial.4.6Toensurethatproductsareirradiatedwithreproducibledoses,routineprocesscontrolrequiresdocumentedproducthandlingproceduresbefore,duringandaftertheirradiation,consistentorientationoftheproductsduringirradiation,monitoringofcriticalprocessparameters,routineproductdosimetryanddocumentationoftherequiredactivitiesandfunctions.1.1ThispracticecoversdosimetricprocedurestobefollowedinInstallationQualification,OperationalQualificationandPerformanceQualifications(IQ,OQ,PQ),androutineprocessingatelectronbeamfacilitiestoensurethattheproducthasbeentreatedwithanacceptablerangeofabsorbeddoses.OtherproceduresrelatedtoIQ,OQ,PQ,androutineproductprocessingthatmayinfluenceabsorbeddoseintheproductarealsodiscussed.Note1Forguidanceintheselect......
【中国标准分类号】:
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:30P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
